![]() In sectorial mutants, albino cells are present vertically through all cell layers, with genotype boundaries usually parallel to the stem. Three phenotypes of chimeric redwoods have been noted: sectorial, mericlinal and periclinal. Formerly threatened by the Sonoma–Marin Area Rail Transit rail development, it has since been replanted. Only a single chimeric redwood is known to produce cones. Ten cases are known of chimeric redwoods that have a mosaic of albino and normal tissues. ![]() Cellular virescent green trees have a few normal cells (whose abundance may vary over time) interspersed among the mutant cells. The pale green form lacks just one specific type of chlorophyll and is almost always basal. The bright yellow form is exclusively aerial and is thought to be associated with excess xanthophyll production. Such mutants can be either basal (growing from a burl at the base of a tree) or aerial (branching off from a tree above the ground). Six phenotypes of albino redwood have been classified: white, bright yellow, cellular virescent green, pale green, mottled and nonchimeric variegated. Albinos apparently accumulate more metals than normal trees because defective stomata, which cause them to lose more water through transpiration, force them to compensate by taking up more water through their roots. Īlbino redwoods are generally regarded as parasitic plants, but as of 2016 one researcher speculates that they are supported by other trees for their role in storing toxic heavy metals. For example, the Pomo people used them in their cleansing ceremonies. The trees were important to Native Americans and were recorded in their legends. Other conifers lack the ability to graft their roots, so 'albino' mutants of other species do not survive to become sizable trees. They reach a maximum height of about 20 m (66 ft). The exact locations are not publicized to protect the rare trees. They can be found in Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park, Humboldt Redwoods State Park, and The Santa Lucia Preserve, with eleven trees in the first. Sap exchange through roots is a general phenomenon among redwoods. It survives by obtaining sugar through the connections between its roots and those of neighboring normal redwood(s), usually the parent tree from whose base it has sprouted. An ' albino' redwood is a redwood tree which is unable to produce chlorophyll, and has white needles instead of the normal green.
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